Chapter Twenty-Two

 

Admonitions and Salutation

 

 

 

 

22:1  And he shewed me a pure river of water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb.

 

This chapter continues the line of thought began in the previous one, with one of the angels who had one of the seven vials continuing to show John a grand vision of Heaven.  Here John sees the water of life which Christ had described to him previously.  I will give unto him that is athirst of the fountain of the water of life freely” (Revelation 21:6).

 

The water of life is not literal water, but is described as such because it has the same importance.  In Palestine, water is a very precious commodity.  Rainfall is not plenteous, and most of the drinking water must come from wells.  And it was no secret to people of that day that water is essential to every living thing.  No plant or animal can survive without at least some water whatever be the source.  So water can be equated with life.  And indeed where the annual rainfall is greater life is more abundant.  Similarly, the water of life signifies the abundance and grandeur of life in Heaven.  John does not merely see a glass of the water of life, but an entire river!  And this water was not polluted as so much of the water on earth is, it was absolutely pure.  To the eye it is “clear as crystal.”  Natural spring water is praised by many people for its purity.  But when compared to the water of life it may as well be from the muddy Mississippi.

 

And notice the source of this river.  It does not simply spring out of the ground, but comes from the throne of almighty God.  This is the reason for its purity and its amazing life giving powers.  This is not real water, but signifies the free-flowing fountain of life in Heaven.  Life that will never end, and will never be tempered with anything unpleasant.  As the Lord said, “I am come that they might have life, and that they might have it more abundantly” (John 10:10).  This is what the water of life represents.

 

 

22:2  In the midst of the street of it, and on either side of the river, was there the tree of life, which bare twelve manner of fruits, and yielded her fruit every month: and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations.

 

The location of the tree of life as given by this verse is a little confusing.  The problem lies not with the Bible per se, but with the King James translation.  The words are basically correct, but the punctuation is wrong.  Every other translation I have seen connects the first part of this verse with the previous verse.  This gives an entirely different, but I believe correct, meaning to the verse.  I will quote one such translation of these two verses.

 

“Then he showed me the river of the water of life, bright as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb through the middle of the street of the city; also, on either side of the river the tree of life with its twelve kinds of fruit, yielding its fruit each month; and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations” (Revelation 22:1-2 RSV).

 

It is the river which is in the middle of the street, not the tree of life as the wording of the King James Version might suggest.  The tree grows along side the street and the river.  The fact that the tree grows on “either side of the river” shows that it was not just a single tree but many trees.  This does not contradict the statement in this verse which says the “tree” of life at all.  Its just as if someone said, “the peach tree grows quite well in the temperate climate of Central Georgia.”  This statement is not about an individual tree, but a type of tree.  Likewise, the reference to the tree of life is not to an individual tree, but to all trees of that type.

 

Taken together these two verses paint a beautiful portrait in our mind of Heaven.  There is a beautiful shiny street of pure gold running through the middle of the city.  A crystal clear river of the water of life flows down the middle of the street.  And to top it all off, beautiful trees of life lining the street of gold.  Some cities in the South like Mobile, Alabama and Savannah, Georgia are famous for their giant and often ancient oak trees in the downtown areas.  Many visitors are awed as they drive down the streets totally encircled in what is nearly a “tunnel” of oak trees.  But this is nothing compared to the beautiful tree lined street in Heaven.

 

The tree of life in many ways is to be compared to the water of life, it is simply a symbol of eternal life.  That is, of the abundance of life which is to be enjoyed by the saved in Heaven.  But there are also some noteworthy differences between the two.  The tree of life goes back much further in biblical history than does the water of life.  The tree of life was even in the Garden of Eden.  And out of the ground made the Lord God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of knowledge of good and evil” (Genesis 2:9).  While Adam and Eve had access to the tree of life they had eternal life.  They could have lived forever as human beings on the earth had they never sinned.

 

After Adam and Eve sinned, by eating the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, God then denied them access to the tree of life.  And the Lord God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil: and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever: therefore the Lord God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from whence he was taken.  So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubim, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life” (Genesis 3:22-24).  The next reference to the tree of life in the Bible is in the book of Revelation and shows the tree to be in Heaven.  Mankind lost access to this marvelous tree in the Garden of Eden, but can regain it in Heaven.

 

The tree of life is no ordinary tree.  Not only does it have extraordinary powers to give eternal life to the partakers of its fruit, but it also bears more than one kind of fruit!  Imagine a tree that yielded apples in the spring, oranges in the summer, and bananas in the fall.  But what is truly amazing is that the tree of life bears twelve different types of fruit, one each month.  Of course we are not talking about a real tree here, but a symbol.  And its manner of bearing fruit year round is representative of the fact that in Heaven there will be no times of plenty and times of scarcity.  There will be no drought or famine, but rather everything will be wonderful all the time.

 

We are somewhat spoiled today to have fresh fruits and vegetables available to us practically year round.  Today we get produce grown in green houses or in places like South America which is quickly shipped to market.  Just a few decades ago most items were only available fresh when they were “in season.”  This meant that people had to preserve some foods in some way if they wanted to have them at other times of the year.  The tree of life, however, is always in season.

 

Throughout history one of the greatest difficulties man has faced is staving off starvation between harvests.  You had to make your food stretch for the entire year which called for a great deal of planning and restraint.  But in Heaven all of these worries will be forgotten, the tree of life will continually supply man’s needs.

 

And the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations.”  The leaves of many plants have medicinal value.  For example, the aloe plant, also known as the burn plant, is supposedly very soothing when the juice is applied to burned skin.  Similarly, the leaves from the tree of life have the power to “heal the nations.”  This is again a reference to the positive affect the presence of righteous people will have on an otherwise heathen nation.  A Christian does not as yet have access to Heaven and to the fruit of the tree of life, but these things have been promised.  God not only promised these things to faithful men, but also left them a pledge.  Now he that hath wrought us for the selfsame thing is God, who also hath given unto us the earnest of the Spirit” (II Corinthians 5:5).  The Holy Spirit was given to man by God as an earnest or pledge of the future gifts He has promised.  This is like a leaf from the tree of life.  It is not the fruit which is so desirable, but it is a pledge that the tree will soon be made available.

 

 

22:3  And there shall be no more curse: but the throne of God and of the Lamb shall be in it; and his servants shall serve him:

 

When the tree of life was taken away from man in the Garden of Eden, God also did something else, He cursed the ground.  And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life” (Genesis 3:17).  This made man’s existence much more difficult than it would have been.  But in Heaven there will be no such curse.  Man’s existence will be free from problems and difficulties.  He will have the curse lifted from him, plus he will have regained access to the tree of life.

 

But the throne of God and of the Lamb shall be in it.”  Above and beyond all of the other wonderful aspects of Heaven mentioned thus far, is the fact that God and Christ will dwell with man there.  And the redeemed will worship God before His throne for ever and ever.  Therefore are they before the throne of God, and serve him day and night in his temple: and he that sitteth on the throne shall dwell among them” (Revelation 7:15).

 

Man cannot presently understand how wonderful it will be to serve God for eternity.  But for the saved He will be their light and their everything.  Their love and adoration for Him will compel them to worship Him time without end.

 

 

22:4  And they shall see his face; and his name shall be in their foreheads.

 

To see the face of God will be an unbelievable privilege.  Even the great prophet and leader Moses was not allowed to see God’s face.  And he said, Thou canst not see my face: for there shall no man see me, and live.  And the Lord said, Behold, there is a place by me, and thou shalt stand upon a rock: and it shall come to pass, while my glory passeth by, that I will put thee in a cleft of the rock, and will cover thee with my hand while I pass by: and I will take away mine hand, and thou shalt see my back parts: but my face shall not be seen” (Exodus 33:20-23).  The fact that man will be allowed to see the face of God in Heaven shows that the relationship between God and man will be much closer there.  The redeemed have been reconciled to God and will be granted many things formerly impossible for men.

 

And his name shall be in their foreheads.”  This idea has been expressed several times previously in different applications.  To say that the name of God will be in the foreheads of the redeemed in Heaven means that they will have true desire and affection toward Him.  They will truly enjoy serving Him because they love Him and this is what they want to do.

 

 

22:5  And there shall be no night there; and they need no candle, neither light of the sun; for the Lord God giveth them light: and they shall reign for ever and ever.

 

It was pointed out toward the end of the previous chapter that there will be no night in Heaven.  Again this is due to the fact that no physical bodies will be relied upon to generate the light.  In fact there will be no need for physical light at all.  Since there will be no physical eyes to make use of the light, no light will be needed as it is now.  The reason that no physical eyes will be present is that redeemed man will no longer occupy physical bodies.  It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body.  There is a natural body, and there is a spiritual body” (I Corinthians 15:44).  Consequently, none of the things we rely on presently to give light, the sun, moon, stars, candles, etc., will be needed in Heaven.  There will always be abundant light there, although it will be spiritual light and not physical.  And as was pointed out previously, God is the source of this spiritual light.

 

The reigning of mankind has been previously discussed in other terms.  In chapter twenty the saved were said to reign with Christ in His kingdom for a thousand years.  This however, is different.  The redeemed will reign with God and Christ in Heaven for all eternity.  They will reign victorious over Satan and his evil companions, and over all of his attempts at defeating them in their quest for eternal life.

 

 

22:6  And he said unto me, These sayings are faithful and true: and the Lord God of the holy prophets sent his angel to shew unto his servants the things which must shortly be done.

 

The person speaking is still the angel which began to speak to John in the previous chapter.  The angel has now finished his discussion of the glories of Heaven, which have occupied our thoughts for over a chapter now.  Instead he begins to try to wrap up this marvelous book.

 

The angel states that the things he has shown John are undeniably true.  He also reveals the source of these comments as being God, who he refers to as “the Lord God of the holy prophets.”  The God who inspired this angel to speak is the same God who inspired all of the prophets of the past to speak.  Such renowned men as Moses, Elijah, Samuel, and many others.  For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost” (II Peter 1:21).  When this fact is realized it then becomes quite apparent how the many books of the Bible, which were written by so many different men, harmonize so beautifully with each other.  They were all written by the same author, God.

 

The angel then states his mission.  He was sent by God to reveal to God’s servants, which means righteous men, certain things which must soon begin to occur.  Of course he is speaking of the things John has been shown in this grand revelation.  This statement is very similar to one we saw at the beginning of this book.  The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave unto him, to shew unto his servants things which must shortly come to pass; and he sent and signified it by his angel unto his servant John” (Revelation 1:1).  In many ways our present verse is just a repeat of the first verse of the book.

 

Shortly be done,” has the same meaning as “shortly come to pass” in chapter one.  It means the prophesies of Revelation must soon begin to be fulfilled, and not that they will ALL soon be fulfilled.  As we have progressed we have indeed seen that the prophesies given in this book covered the entire Christian era, beginning with John’s day and concluding with the end of the world.

 

 

22:7  Behold, I come quickly: blessed is he that keepeth the sayings of the prophecy of this book.

 

The speaker has changed in this verse, and instead of the angel, it is Christ who is addressing us.  Quickly” is a relative term.  It has been nearly 1,900 years since He spoke these words and He has yet to return.  When compared to the life span of a man it is a very long time.  But compared to eternity it is truly but the blink of an eye.

 

Blessed is he that keepeth the sayings of the prophecy of this book.”  “Keepeth” is from the Greek word “tereo,” which Strong’s defines as “to guard (from loss or injury, properly by keeping the eye upon; by implication to detain (in custody; figuratively to maintain); by extension to withhold (for personal ends; figuratively to keep unmarried):-hold fast, keep (-er), (pre-, re-) serve, watch.”[1]  There are several meanings here, but I believe the context can lead us to the correct one.  The idea is that the Christian should understand these prophesies and watch for their fulfillment.  A blessing is pronounced on those who do this.  Certainly many Christians have been able to escape potentially dangerous situations by understanding that they were going to be the fulfillment of prophesy.  In addition, it is certainly reassuring to see how God’s plans have unfolded throughout the Christian age, and to see how Satan has been slowly brought to his knees by God.

 

 

22:8  And I John saw these things, and heard them.  And when I had heard and seen, I fell down to worship before the feet of the angel which shewed me these things.

 

These things” refers to the visions of Heaven John has just been shown by the angel.  He was so overwhelmed by the beauty and glory of Heaven that he forgot about what he was doing and fell down before the angel to worship him.  He did this once before in chapter nineteen and was rebuked sternly by that angel for doing so.

 

 

22:9  Then saith he unto me, See thou do it not: for I am thy fellowservant, and of thy brethren the prophets, and of them which keep the sayings of this book: worship God.

 

This angel, like the one in chapter nineteen, also rebuked John for worshipping him.  The angel reminds John that he is not to be worshipped since he is also a servant of God as John is, and as so many other people are, in particular, the prophets and people who understand and remember the prophesies of Revelation.  The reason that he mentions in particular those who keep the prophesies of Revelation, is that only Christians would do this with the proper understanding.  So in reality he is speaking of Christians here.  But among all men and angels there is not a single one worthy of worship.  As the angel points out, God is the one who is to be worshipped.  This rules out the worship of idols, images, saints, and apostles as has been the practice of the apostate Roman Church for many centuries.

 

 

22:10  And he saith unto me, Seal not the sayings of the prophecy of this book: for the time is at hand.

 

The angel tells John that he should not try to conceal the contents of the book he has just written.  When Daniel wrote his book of inspired prophesy he was instructed to seal it up for a time.  But John was instructed that it was to be different with him.  The time is at hand.”  This means that the prophesies of this book were soon to begin to be fulfilled when it was written in the A.D. 90’s, and He wanted His people to have access so they could begin to understand what was happening.

 

 

22:11  He that is unjust, let him be unjust still: and he which is filthy, let him be filthy still: and he that is righteous, let him be righteous still: and he that is holy, let him be holy still.

 

This verse is not permission to continue in a life of sin, far from it.  When the Lord returns there will be both righteous and unrighteous people in the world.  Christ’s coming will not change that, in fact it will seal it.  When He returns it will be too late for anyone to change.  All things must be said and done prior to His return.  If, when He comes, He finds someone who is unjust or filthy, then this is how that person will be judged.  On the other hand, if, when He comes, He finds someone righteous or holy, this is the way the person will be judged.  So He is saying that in whatever state He finds a person that is the state in which he will be judged. 

 

 

22:12  And, behold, I come quickly; and my reward is with me, to give every man according as his work shall be.

 

To give more importance to the warning just given in the previous verse, Christ now adds the comment that He will return quickly.  This tells people not to waste time, but to straighten out their lives immediately.  Regardless of when He returns no one has a guarantee of life beyond today, so everyone would do well to be prepared to meet “…him with whom we have to do” (Hebrews 4:13).

 

Christ also says that He will bring His reward with Him.  He will reward every man based on his life.  The righteous will be granted entrance into Heaven, while the unrighteous will be damned to Hell.  For the righteous the reward is to be in His presence forever.  That will begin when “we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord” (I Thessalonians 4:17).

 

 

22:13  I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last.

 

This is the fourth and final time in the book of Revelation where Christ refers to Himself as alpha and omega.  Again, these are the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet.  By this He indicates His eternal nature, nothing was before Him and nothing will be after Him.

 

 

22:14  Blessed are they that do his commandments, that they may have right to the tree of life, and may enter in through the gates into the city.

 

There is no secret as to how someone can make it to Heaven.  If anyone will keep God’s commandments then the tree of life is theirs to partake of freely, and the gates of Heaven will swing wide to greet them.  As Christ simply said, “If ye love me, keep my commandments” (John 14:15).  Love on our part is manifested by obedience to Him which will be richly rewarded by eternal life.

 

 

22:15  For without are dogs, and sorcerers, and whoremongers, and murderers, and idolaters, and whosoever loveth and maketh a lie.

 

For all men who choose to live carnal lives, and whose desire is to the flesh, the gates of Heaven will close shut and leave them standing outside.  The dogs referred to here certainly are not canines for they will have no place in eternity.  Despite the naive sentiments of many pet owners, dogs are nothing more than animals and have no souls.  The dogs referred to here are immoral men, homosexuals, and male prostitutes.

 

Sorcerers are those who practice unauthorized magic and divination.  I say unauthorized because God has in the past authorized and empowered some men to do these things.  But there are others who pretend to have powers and practice these things for their own profit.

 

Whoremonger is from the Greek word “pornos,” which Thayer defines as “a man who prostitutes his body to another’s lust for hire, a male prostitute.  A man who indulges in unlawful sexual intercourse, a fornicator.”[2]

 

Idolaters are those who serve anything other than God.  Someone does not have to literally bow down before an idol to be and idolater.  A job, the television, another person, a car, and many other things can be idols in a person’s life.  If a person allows something to take away from their service to God it becomes an idol.

 

A liar is anyone who tells something which he knows is not true.  His intentions are not the issue.  While most people generally regard lying as wrong, it is also widely accepted as being necessary at times.  Most everyone feels comfortable telling a “little white lie,” but, unfortunately, there is no such thing.  A lie is a lie regardless of the person’s motive.  All lies are sin and will be punished as such.

 

The fate which awaits the people who practice any of these evil things is without doubt.  They “shall have their part in the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone” (verse 8) which is Hell.”  This is the same as saying they are “without.”  In eternity there are but two places.  If someone is not in Heaven then they are in Hell.

 

 

22:16  I Jesus have sent mine angel to testify unto you these things in the churches.  I am the root and the offspring of David, and the bright and morning star.

 

Here Jesus corroborates the claim of the angel that he was speaking for God.  Jesus also lets it be known that He is superior to the angels, by saying that the angel which talked with John was His.  Then Jesus tells John that the things which have been revealed to him are for the benefit of the churches.

 

Next He states that He is a descendant of David.  This was a qualification for the Messiah and thereby states His worthiness to attest to the truthfulness of the angel’s statements.  Both of Jesus’ parents were direct descendants of King David, Joseph through Solomon and Mary through Nathan.  The bright and morning star” is a reference to His spiritual excellence and brightness.  In the morning sky nothing shines as brightly and distinctly as the morning star.  So too Christ outshines everyone and everything else.

 

 

22:17  And the Spirit and the bride say, Come.  And let him that heareth say, Come.  And let him that is athirst come.  And whosoever will, let him take the water of life freely.

 

The Spirit is the Holy Spirit which God has given to Christians as a comforter.  The bride has previously been identified as the Lord’s Church.  Both openly proclaim an invitation to join the Lord’s Church and thus become qualified to enjoy the wonders of Heaven just described.  The invitation is a standing one and will be there until Christ returns.  The Lord expressed His desire for others to be brought into the fold before He ascended into Heaven.  And Jesus came and spake unto them, saying, All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth.  Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost: teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you: and, lo, I am with you alway, even unto the end of the world.  Amen” (Matthew 28:18-20).

 

Ideally when a sinner hears the invitation he will accept it and then in turn he will also begin to invite others to join him.  This is what is meant by the phrase “And let him that heareth say, Come.”  But, unfortunately, most people spurn the invitation of God.  Their desire is not for righteousness but for physical pleasure.  To them the invitation is foolishness.  But to the wise it is life and peace.

 

The thirst spoken of here is spiritual.  It is the thirst which can only be quenched by the water of life which flows in abundance in Heaven.  The water flows freely for all who are willing to lay aside their sins and come to drink of it.  It is not difficult to get to this precious water, but a person must go to where it is to obtain a drink, and it lies in the land of righteousness.  Therefore, a person must turn from sin and embrace holiness and godliness in order to reach this water.  Many explores of past centuries ventured into strange lands in search of the fountain of youth.  The seventeenth century Spanish explorer Ponce de Leon, for example, thought it might be in Florida.  His calculations were a little off, however, it is, and will remain, in Heaven.

 

 

22:18  For I testify unto every man that heareth the words of the prophecy of this book, If any man shall add unto these things, God shall add unto him the plagues that are written in this book:

22:19  And if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the holy city, and from the things which are written in this book.

 

Jesus now gives everyone who hears the prophesies contained in this book a very stern warning.  Any man who tampers with it will be dealt with very harshly.  Whether it be an addition or a deletion, no tampering whatsoever is permitted.  For the person who adds to this book he will be forced to suffer the many plagues which have been mentioned in Revelation.  And we have certainly seen many great and terrible things brought against Satan and his evil accomplice Rome.  It would be devastating for anyone to be forced to endure these things.  But this is exactly what will happen, since that person would actually be no better than the papacy if they too altered God’s word.  On the other hand, if anyone takes away from this book his name will be removed from the book of life.  All hope of salvation will be quickly erased with one stroke of the pen.

 

As the book was written so should it remain.  It is created in perfection from the mind of God and cannot be improved upon despite the best intentions of men.  The warnings given in these verses are meant to apply to this book and not to the entire Bible.  However, the principle does apply to every book of the Bible.  No man can hope to improve on the inspired word of God.  And when a man teaches or practices anything not contained in the Bible he is guilty of adding to it.  Or when a man fails to teach or practice something taught in the Bible he is guilty of deleting from it.  Neither will be treated lightly by God.  The only safe and logical course is to follow the biblical pattern as precisely as possible.

 

 

22:20  He which testifieth these things saith, Surely I come quickly.  Amen.  Even so, come, Lord Jesus.

 

Most of this verse seems to be the comments of John, with a quote of Christ added in.  He repeats the statement that Christ made earlier in this chapter that His return is imminent.  John then adds an “amen” to this.  One meaning of amen is “so be it.”  And I believe this is what is intended by John here.  He is ready for Christ’s return whenever it occurs.  Then to that he even adds an invitation for Him to return.  Certainly this old and wearied servant of the Lord’s was ready to see His face once more knowing what joy and happiness it would bring.

 

 

22:21  The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all.  Amen.

 

John closes this marvelous book with a simple but meaningful statement.  He wishes the grace of the Lord upon all of his brethren.  Grace is unmerited favor.  It is God giving man something he does not deserve.  Without the abundant grace of God salvation would have never come to man in the first place.  Man is a sinful creature and deserves to be correspondingly punished.  But God, being as loving, merciful, and gracious as He is, chose to pardon man’s iniquities through the blood of His own Son.

 

Then to this John simply adds another amen.  Thus concludes what to me is the most intriguing, fascinating and beautiful book in the entire Bible.  There might be more important books, but I know of no other which is so beautifully written, and can build the faith of a Christian so much when understood.  I join John in saying, “Amen.”



[1] Strong, 1982, s.v. “Greek #5083.”

 

[2] Thayer, 1989, s.v. “pόrnoV.”